ECITTS: an integrated approach to the application of in vitro test systems to the hazard assessment of chemicals

By Walum, E. - Balls, M. - Bianchi, V. - Blaauboer, B. - Bolcsfoldi, G. - Guillouzo, A. - Moore, G.A. - Odland, L. - Reinhardt, C. - Spielmann, H.

As a result of a workshop held at Taljoviken, Akersberga, Sweden, on 27-29 May 1991, a multicentre collaborative research project was established, with the purpose of developing the concept of integrated in vitro toxicity testing. The first priority was the selection of tests within eight appropriate areas: basal cytotoxicity, irritancy, developmental toxicity, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, immunotoxicity, neurotoxicity and biokinetics. An ideal battery of tests for each area was identified. Since it was realised that it would not be feasible to include the full ideal list of tests in the project, a minimum test list was also agreed. For each area, ten calibration chemicals were selected. From these 80 compounds, 30 were selected for inclusion, together with 20 of the OECD test programme chemicals, in a first test set of chemicals. The toxicity of these 50 test set chemicals will be investigated in the minimum integrated test scheme. The aim of the project is to employ non-animal methods to assess the toxicological properties of chemicals, and to improve this assessment through the use of knowledge about mechanisms of toxic action. The information produced will contribute to the establishment of a more-scientific and more-efficient toxicological procedure for hazard assessment. Questions concerning which parameters need to be investigated and combined to make hazard assessments, and which parameters relevant to in vivo toxicity can be determined in non-whole animal test systems, will also be addressed.